|
The legacy of the Indo-Greeks starts with the formal end of the Indo-Greek Kingdom from the 1st century CE, as the Greek communities of central Asia and northwestern India lived under the control of the Kushan branch of the Yuezhi, apart from a short-lived invasion of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom.〔"Though the Indo-Greek monarchies seem to have ended in the first century BC, the Greek presence in India and Bactria remained strong", McEvilley, p. 379〕 The Kushans founded the Kushan Empire, which was to prosper for several centuries. In the south, the Greeks were under the rule of the Western Kshatrapas. It is unclear how much longer the Greeks managed to maintain a distinct presence in the Indian sub-continent. ==Political legacy== The 36 Indo-Greek kings known through epigraphy or through their coins belong to the period between 180 BCE to 10–20 CE.〔Boppearachchi, "Monnaies Indo-Grecques"〕 There are a few hints of a later Indo-Greek political presence in the Indian subcontinent. Theodamas, known from an inscription on a signet, may have been an Indo-Greek ruler in the Bajaur area in the 1st century CE. In the 3rd century, the Scythian Western Satraps seem to have relied on Greeks, such as Yavanesvara ("Lord of the Greeks"), who may have been organized in more or less independent ''poleis''.〔McEvilley, p385〕 Some sort of Greek political organization is thought to have existed in the first half of the 4th century after the rule of the Satavahanas.〔David Pingree, "The Yavanajataka of Sphujidhvaja", p4. Quotes in McEvilley, p385〕 This is also suggested by the Puranas (the Matsya Purana, the Vayu Purana, the Brahmanda Purana, the Vishnu Purana, the Bhagavata Purana) which give a list of the dynasties who ruled following the decline of the Satavahanas: this list includes 8 Yavana kings, thought to be some dynasty of Greek descent, although they are not otherwise known.〔Comments given in Rapson "Catalogue of the Indian coins in the British Museum. Andhras etc...", Rapson, p LXVIII: "These must, no doubt, belong to some dynasty of Greek descent, but it is impossible to determine which dynasty this could have been" The full list, with comments, is given in Rapson "Catalogue of the Indian coins in the British Museum. Andhras etc...", Rapson, p LXVIII: : * 7 other Andhras kings (called "Andhrabhrytias", or "Servant of the Andhras", probably the Chutus in the Western and Southern districts. : * 10 Abhira kings, who ruled in the area of Nasik. : * 7 Gardabhila kings, who ruled in the area of Ujjain : * 18 Saka kings, probably the Western Satraps. : * 8 Yavana kings, thought to be some dynasty of Greek descent. : * 14 Tusara kings (also called Tuhkara, Tuskara), thought to be the Kushans (who are called "Turuska" in the Rajatarangini). : * 13 Murunda or Gurunda kings. : * 21 Huna kings (also called Maunas), probably the Indo-Hephthalites.〕 According to one theory however, the Southern Indian dynasty of the Chalukyas was named after "Seleukia" (the Seleucids),〔Dr. Lewis Rice, S. R. Sharma and M. V. Krishna Rao 〕 their conflict with the Pallava of Kanchi being but a continuation of the conflict between ancient Seleukia and "Parthians", the proposed ancestors of Pallavas.〔Dr. Lewis's theory, based on the similarity of names, has not found general acceptance because the Pallavas were in constant conflict with the Kadambas, prior to the rise of Chalukyas, according to Dr. Suryanath U. Kamath (2001), "A Concise History of Karnataka from pre-historic times to the present", Jupiter books, MCC (Reprinted 2002), p57〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Legacy of the Indo-Greeks」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|